In our model, the upstream sector covers processing, compliance, labelling and/or packaging, marketing and
distribution before products go to market. This sector contributes to skilled employment, technical
expertise and quality standards.
Strengthening this sector can increase value addition, competitiveness and market access that in turn
contributes to employment, economic growth, production and crop diversification.
The downstream sector covers primary agricultural production activities. These include research and
development of better farming techniques or machinery, climate- or pest-resilient seeds, sustainable
practices, improved irrigation systems, farming and harvesting crops, and enhanced post-harvest handling and
storage facilities. Strengthening the downstream sector has a positive ripple effect on the entire supply
chain.
For Cambodia, the key challenge is to grow its value addition sector rather than sell raw produce to
Thailand and Vietnam who then benefit from processing it themselves. Value addition requires a significant
improvement in processing efficiency, affordable processing equipment, and use of wastage, ensuring that
farming households receive better prices for their products and can rely on stable market access.
See our latest resources from across the CAPRED program.
View moreAccess to clean water reduces poverty, supports economic growth and environmental sustainability. It also has the power to change lives. For Narun, a visually impaired father in Cambodia, access to clean water has improved the quality of his family’s life.
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